What are the plant reproductive consequences of losing a nectar robber?
نویسندگان
چکیده
Pollinator declines worldwide are detrimental for plants. Given the negative effects that antagonisitc visitors, including nectar robbers, can sometimes inflict, might in their populations instead confer benefits? During 1970s, reproductive biology of Colorado columbine, Aquilegia caerulea (Ranunculaceae), was documented near Gothic, Colorado. At time, Bombus occidentalis, Western Bumble bee, one its many pollinators, but more commonly acted as only known robber. occidentalis abundance has declined precipitously throughout USA since 1970s. In 2016, we floral visitors at sites those used original survey. We then experimentally quantified robbing, allowing us to estimate consequences losing B. occidentalis. also potential pollination services muscid flies (Muscidae, Diptera). The visitor community dramatically different 2016 compared infrequently observed, and robbing negligible. Our experiments suggested a high level would lead significantly reduced fruit set, although not seeds per fruit. Fly visits flowers were higher absence bumble bees, set below self-pollination rate. effect increase these likely outweighed any positive A. experienced from Although field observations conducted single year, when interpreted combination with our manipulative experiments, they suggest how may fare changing visitation landscape.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of pollination ecology
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1920-7603']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2022)663